Wolves are animals of the Canis genus that are grouped into the same species, which, in turn, has several subspecies. One of these is Canis lupus arabs, commonly known as the Arabian wolf. Each of the types of wolves has developed certain characteristics that differentiate them from each other, not only because of their physical appearance, but also because of their adaptations to ecosystems with such dissimilar environmental conditions that range from polar habitats to desert ones. Continue reading this file on our site to find out interesting facts about the characteristics of the Arabian wolf
Arabian Wolf Characteristics
The Arabian wolf is one of the largest canids in Arabia, however, within the subspecies of wolves, it is one of the More smalls. Adults measure around 65 cm and reach weights of between 18 and 20 kg, approximately, which gives them a thin appearance, necessary for the harsh habitat in which they develop.
The coloration of the coat can vary from light brown to a grayish yellow, with the abdominal area having a lighter tone. The hair is short and thin, no doubt due to the temperatures in which it lives. However, the fur of those in the upper region tends to be a little longer, probably for protection from solar irradiation. In winter, as with other subspecies, the coat becomes thicker and longer, but not excessively.
The Arabian wolf has large ears compared to other subspecies of these canids, which makes it easier for it to dissipate heat. On the other hand, it does not have sweat glands, so for temperature control, it relies on accelerated panting, producing evaporation from the lungs.
Like other wolves, it has yellow eyes, but individuals with brown coloration have been identified, evidence of interbreeding between wolves and wild dogs. There are two unique traits in this subspecies, one is the fusion of the middle fingers of the legs, which allows identifying its footprint as distinctive compared to other wolves, and the other is that doesn't howl
Arabian Wolf Habitat
The habitat of this wolf was previously extended throughout the Arabian Peninsula. However, over time, its distribution was considerably reduced and, today, it is found in isolated groups in Israel, Oman, Yemen, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and it is estimated that also in some areas of the Sinai Peninsula, in Egypt.
Wolf subspecies have developed in very different habitats. Thus, the Arabian wolf lives in the arid and semi-arid conditions of the Middle East. It is common to have a presence in mountainous areas, plains formed by gravel and desert places.
The Arabian wolf is one of several species that has disappeared from the United Arab Emirates, an event that occurred some three decades ago. These animals are only found in a wildlife refuge in Arabia, as well as in other protected areas where programs are developed for their recovery.
Customs of the Arabian Wolf
This wolf usually patrols long stretches of the territory it inhabits. However, as it depends on water for its subsistence, this aspect limits it to travel to some areas such as sand deserts. Given the high temperature conditions where it is located, it is common for it to dig burrows with a certain depth to shelter from the heat.
Unlike other subspecies of wolves, does not form very large groups In fact, it usually hunts in pairs or, at most, in Groups of about four individuals. Due to the harsh impact it has suffered and that has considerably decimated its population, it tries to avoid contact with humans.
Arabian Wolf Feeding
The Arabian wolf is a mainly carnivorous animal, however, eventually and depending on the availability of certain fruits,can be omnivorous It feeds on what it hunts, being an efficient hunter, but it also consumes dead or decomposing animals, as well as remains of waste left by human beings.
Among the animals that this wolf ingests we find rodents, smaller ungulates, hares, fish, birds and even domestic animals such as sheep, goats or cats, which generates unfortunate conflicts with people, which, in these cases, they react by shooting or putting poison.
If you want to know more about the diet of the Arabian wolf and other species, don't miss this other article on How wolves hunt.
Arabian Wolf Reproduction
Arabian wolves are animals that become quite territorial when cared for by their pups. In addition, for mating they do tend to gather in larger groups than usual. The breeding season starts in October and can last until December.
The gestation time lasts between 63 and 65 days. Although exceptionally they can generate large litters, they often give birth to between two and three pups, a figure that is common in species that inhabit somewhat harsh conditions.
As generally occurs in canids, Arabian wolf pups are born blind and are totally dependent on their mother. They are nursed until around eight weeks, when they will begin to receive regurgitated food from their parents.
Arabian Wolf Conservation Status
As we have mentioned, the Arabian wolf has disappeared from certain regions and in others its population has decreased considerably due to actions human beings, who have directly attacked this animal. Among the causes of its population decline we find the mass murder perpetrated by the inhabitants of their regions of origin with the excuse that they attacked domestic animals. This fact has undoubtedly had tragic consequences for this subspecies.
On the other hand, the Arabian wolf has been affected in some cases by rabies infections and, also importantly, it has been determined that the crossbreeding of this subspecies with wild dogs threatens its population stability. In some areas, programs have been developed to seek the recovery of this wolf, establishing certain protected areas for this purpose.
